Journal of Engineering, Project, and Production Management, 2026, 16(5), 2025-262
Blockchain Traceability Design for Green Agricultural Products Based on an Improved PBFT Consensus Algorithm
Director, School of Finance, Zhengzhou College of Finance and Economics, Zhengzhou, 450003, China, E-mail: PPQM6789@163.com
Production Management
Received November 9, 2025; revised January 21, 2026; accepted April 14, 2026
Available online June 17, 2026
Abstract: According to FAO statistics, global economic losses due to a lack of transparency in agricultural product information exceeds 30 billion USD annually. This highlights the need for a credible traceability system. The demand for green agricultural product traceability has increased rapidly, while traditional centralized systems remain vulnerable to tampering and inefficient collaboration. Although blockchain offers decentralization and immutability, the traditional Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance (PBFT) algorithm faces efficiency and security bottlenecks as the network expands. To overcome these challenges, an improved PBFT-based blockchain traceability model is proposed, featuring hierarchical node management and a multi-indicator dynamic scoring mechanism for adaptive leader selection and malicious node elimination. The model builds a full-lifecycle traceability framework encompassing production, processing, logistics, sales, and consumption. Comparative experiments with PBFT and Linear Randomized Byzantine Fault Tolerance (LRBFT) on a 100-node network showed that the improved model achieved 3600 TPS, reduced confirmation time to 200ms at 10ms latency, and maintained 96 percent availability even with 40 percent Byzantine nodes. The tampering detection rate exceeds 94 percent under high-intensity attacks, and multi-party collaboration efficiency improves significantly. These results demonstrate the system’s enhanced performance, robustness, and scalability, indicating its strong potential for practical deployment in green agricultural product traceability systems.
Keywords: Agricultural supply chain, blockchain traceability, distributed systems, food safety, PBFT consensus.
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Citation: Yan, Q. (2026). Blockchain Traceability Design for Green Agricultural Products Based on an Improved PBFT Consensus Algorithm. Journal of Engineering, Project, and Production Management, 16(5), 2025-262.
